![]() 42).īAlphabet created by Adrian lnéz Chávez and adopted by the Academia de la Lengue Maya Ki-chè(ALMK).ĬAlphabet proposed by Terrence Kaufman and modified and adopted by Proyecto Linguistico Francisco Marroquín (PLFM).ĭespite the existence of official alphabets since 1950, institutions and individuals working in the Mayan languages tended to develop and disseminate Mayan-language materials in different alphabets. Mayan language alphabets: summary of distinguishing graphemesĪAlphabet used by missionaries of the colonial period (1524–1821) for Ki'che' Kaqchikel, and Tz'utujil (Terrence Kaufman, Proyecto de alfabetos, p. ![]() These alphabets imposed conventions of Spanish in order to standardize Mayan orthography and facilitate the transfer of literacy skills from Spanish to the vernacular languages. The 1950 official alphabets, like all those approved by the Instituto Indigenista Nacional during the next several decades, were developed largely by foreign linguists and missionaries. These were made official and published in 1950 as Alfabeto para los cuatro idiomas indígenas mayoritarios de Guatemala: Quiché, cakchiquel, mam y kekchí. It was not until 1949, at the First Congress of Linguists, that systematic alphabets were first proposed for the four majority Mayan languages of Guatemala. These early works used an orthography congruent with their authors' own linguistic orientations. Noteworthy works of this period include Brasseur De Bourbourg's Dictionnaire, grammaire et chrestomathie de la langue maya (1862) and Otto Stoll's Zur Ethnographie der Republik Guatemala (1884). In the eighteenth, nineteenth, and early twentieth centuries, little was written in or about the Mayan languages. The Popol Vuh and the Memorial de Tecpán Atitlán are two examples of transcribed narratives using Latin characters. The Spanish missionaries who came to Guatemala following the Conquest in 1524 propagated Christian doctrine and recorded some Mayan ethnohistoric and cultural accounts, as well as native language vocabularies, in an accommodated Latin alphabet. There is no evidence of a writing system in the Postclassic Guatemalan highlands bark paper codices from Yucatán are the only record of Maya writing in the Postclassic period. The Classic lowland Maya used a complex writing system based on icono-graphic and morphophonemic glyphs that survive in stone and ceramics. The Mayan languages of Mesoamerica had an early written tradition. The Unified Alphabets were made official to reduce the ambiguities and confusion of multiple written forms. This accord invalidated the 1950 decree regarding Mayan alphabets it also superseded various other alphabets authorized by the Instituto Indigenista Nacional in 1962, 1966, and 1975. Through Government Accord 1046–87, published in the Diario Oficial on 30 November 1987, the Guatemalan government made official the Unified Alphabets for the Mayan Languages of Guatemala. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |